An appraisal of the role of local government in flood management in Lokoja Local Government Area, Kogi State
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Chapter One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Flooding is one of the most frequent and destructive natural disasters in Nigeria, particularly in cities located along major rivers. Lokoja, the capital of Kogi State, is strategically located at the confluence of the Niger and Benue Rivers, making it highly susceptible to flooding, especially during the rainy season (Olanrewaju & Hassan, 2025). In recent years, Lokoja has experienced severe flooding, which has resulted in significant loss of life, displacement of residents, and extensive damage to infrastructure (Bello & Ahmed, 2024). The role of local governments in flood management is critical, as they are often at the frontline of response and mitigation efforts. Local authorities are tasked with implementing flood control measures, disaster preparedness plans, and post-flood recovery efforts, all of which significantly impact the resilience of the community (Adebayo et al., 2023). However, despite the increasing frequency of floods in Lokoja, there has been limited research into the effectiveness of local government interventions in flood management, especially in the context of infrastructure development, early warning systems, and emergency response coordination. This study aims to appraise the role of Lokoja’s local government in flood management and assess the strengths and weaknesses of current strategies in mitigating flood risks.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Lokoja’s vulnerability to flooding has resulted in recurring disasters that disrupt daily life and impede development. Although the local government has implemented several flood management strategies, such as flood control infrastructure and emergency response plans, their effectiveness in reducing the impact of flooding remains underexplored. This research aims to fill this gap by evaluating the role of the local government in managing flood risks and identifying areas for improvement.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
• To assess the effectiveness of flood management strategies employed by Lokoja Local Government Area.
• To evaluate the role of local government in flood preparedness, response, and recovery in Lokoja.
• To identify the challenges faced by the local government in implementing effective flood management measures in Lokoja.
1.4 Research Questions
• How effective are the flood management strategies implemented by Lokoja Local Government Area?
• What role does the local government play in flood preparedness, response, and recovery in Lokoja?
• What challenges does the local government face in managing floods in Lokoja Local Government Area?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
• H1: Local government flood management strategies significantly reduce the impact of flooding in Lokoja Local Government Area.
• H2: Effective flood management in Lokoja is hindered by insufficient resources and poor infrastructure.
• H3: Local government involvement in flood management leads to better preparedness and faster recovery from flood events.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is significant in its potential to enhance local government efforts in flood management, which is crucial for reducing flood-related risks and improving community resilience in Lokoja (Olanrewaju & Hassan, 2025). By assessing the role of the local government, the research will provide valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of current flood management practices and offer recommendations for improving preparedness, response, and recovery strategies. The findings will inform policy decisions related to flood risk management, infrastructure development, and community engagement, ultimately contributing to a more effective and sustainable approach to flood control in Lokoja and other flood-prone areas in Nigeria.
1.7 Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on Lokoja Local Government Area and assesses the role of local government in flood management within the urban area. The study is limited to the effectiveness of flood control measures, preparedness plans, and the response to past flood events, excluding broader regional or state-level flood management strategies. Data collection will rely on government records, interviews with local officials, and public surveys.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
• Flood Management: The process of planning, preparing for, responding to, and recovering from flood events to reduce their impact on lives, property, and infrastructure.
• Local Government: The administrative body responsible for the governance, development, and implementation of policies and services within a specific locality.
• Flood Preparedness: The actions and measures taken before a flood event to reduce risks and ensure efficient response and recovery.
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